BDO, makwaara dị ka 1,4-butanediol, bụ ihe dị mkpa nke organic na ezigbo kemịkalụ akụrụngwa. Enwere ike ịkwado BDO site na usoro acetylene aldehyde, usoro anhydride nwoke, usoro mmanya propylene, na usoro butadiene. Usoro acetylene aldehyde bụ isi ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe maka ịkwadebe BDO n'ihi ọnụ ahịa ya na uru usoro ya. A na-ebu ụzọ jikọta acetylene na formaldehyde iji mepụta 1,4-butynediol (BYD), nke a na-agbanyekwu hydrogenated iji nweta BDO.
N'okpuru nrụgide dị elu (13.8 ~ 27.6 MPa) na ọnọdụ 250 ~ 350 ℃, acetylene na-emeghachi omume na formaldehyde n'ihu onye na-emepụta ihe (na-emekarị cuprous acetylene na bismuth na nkwado silica), mgbe ahụ, etiti 1,4-butynediol bụ hydrogenated. ka BDO jiri ihe nickel Raney. Ihe e ji mara nke usoro oge ochie bụ na ihe na-emepụta ihe na ngwaahịa adịghị mkpa ka ekewapụ ya, na ọnụ ahịa ọrụ dị ala. Otú ọ dị, acetylene nwere nnukwu nrụgide akụkụ na ihe ize ndụ nke mgbawa. Ihe nchekwa nchekwa nke reactor imewe dị elu dị ka 12-20 ugboro, na akụrụngwa dị ukwuu ma dị oke ọnụ, na-akpata nnukwu ego; Acetylene ga-polymerize iji mepụta polyacetylene, nke na-eme ka ihe na-emepụta ihe na-egbochi ya ma na-egbochi pipeline, na-eme ka usoro mmepụta dị mkpụmkpụ ma belata mmepụta.
Na nzaghachi na adịghị ike na adịghị ike nke ụzọ omenala, a na-eme ka ngwá ọrụ mmeghachi omume na ihe na-eme ka usoro mmeghachi omume dịkwuo mma iji belata nrụgide akụkụ nke acetylene na usoro mmeghachi omume. A na-eji usoro a eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe ma n'ime ụlọ ma na mba ụwa. N'otu oge ahụ, a na-eme njikọ nke BYD site na iji akwa sludge ma ọ bụ akwa nkwụsịtụ. Usoro acetylene aldehyde BYD hydrogenation na-emepụta BDO, ma ugbu a usoro ISP na INVISTA bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na China.
① Synthesis nke butynediol sitere na acetylene na formaldehyde na-eji ọla kọpa carbonate catalyst.
Tinyere na akụkụ kemịkalụ acetylene nke usoro BDO na INVIDIA, formaldehyde na-emeghachi omume na acetylene iji mepụta 1,4-butynediol n'okpuru ọrụ nke ihe na-eme ka carbonate ọla kọpa. Okpomọkụ mmeghachi omume bụ 83-94 ℃, na nrụgide bụ 25-40 kPa. Ihe na-akpata nwere ọdịdị ntụ ntụ ndụ ndụ.
② Ihe na-eme ka hydrogenation nke butynediol gaa BDO
Akụkụ hydrogenation nke usoro ahụ nwere ihe nrụpụta akwa akwa abụọ nwere nrụgide jikọtara n'usoro, yana 99% nke mmeghachi omume hydrogenation mezuru na reactor mbụ. Nke mbụ na nke abụọ hydrogenation catalysts na-arụ ọrụ nickel aluminum alloys.
Ngwongwo ihe ndina Renee nickel bụ ihe mgbochi nickel aluminum alloy nke nwere nha nha sitere na 2-10mm, ike dị elu, ezigbo nguzogide eyi, nnukwu ebe dị elu, nkwụsi ike ka mma, yana ogologo ndụ ọrụ.
Unactivated ofu bed Raney nickel ahụ bụ grayish ọcha, na mgbe a ụfọdụ ịta nke mmiri mmiri alkali leaching, ha na-aghọ nwa ma ọ bụ nwa isi awọ ahụ, tumadi ji na ofu bed reactors.
① Ọla kọpa na-akwado maka njikọ butynediol sitere na acetylene na formaldehyde.
N'okpuru ọrụ nke ihe na-akwado bismuth ọla kọpa, formaldehyde na-emeghachi omume na acetylene iji mepụta 1,4-butynediol, na mmeghachi omume okpomọkụ nke 92-100 ℃ na nrụgide nke 85-106 kPa. Ihe na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè dị ka ntụ ntụ ojii.
② Ihe na-eme ka hydrogenation nke butynediol gaa BDO
Usoro ISP na-anabata usoro abụọ nke hydrogenation. Nke mbụ ogbo na-eji powdered nickel aluminum alloy dị ka ihe na-akpali, na obere nrụgide hydrogenation na-atụgharị BYD n'ime BED na BDO. Mgbe nkewa gasịrị, ọkwa nke abụọ bụ hydrogenation dị elu na-eji nickel eburu ibu dị ka ihe na-eme ka BED ghọọ BDO.
Ihe na-akpata hydrogenation nke mbụ: Raney nickel ntụ ntụ
Ihe na-akpata hydrogenation nke mbụ: Powder Raney nickel catalyst. A na-ejikarị ihe na-akpali akpali na ngalaba hydrogenation dị ala nke usoro ISP, maka nkwadebe nke ngwaahịa BDO. Ọ nwere àgwà nke elu ọrụ, ezi selectivity, mgbanwe ọnụego, na ngwa ngwa edozi ọsọ. Ihe ndị bụ isi bụ nickel, aluminum, na molybdenum.
Ihe na-akpata hydrogenation nke mbụ: ntụ ntụ nickel aluminum alloy hydrogenation catalyst
Ihe na-eme ka ọ dị elu na-achọ ọrụ dị elu, ike dị elu, ọnụ ọgụgụ ntụgharị dị elu nke 1,4-butynediol, na obere ngwaahịa site na ngwaahịa.
Ọkpụkpụ hydrogenation nke abụọ
Ọ bụ ihe na-akwado ya na alumina dị ka onye na-ebu na nickel na ọla kọpa dị ka ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ. A na-echekwa ala belatara na mmiri. Ihe na-akpali akpali nwere ike ọrụ dị elu, nkwụsị esemokwu dị ala, ezigbo nkwụsi ike kemịkal, ma dị mfe ịgbalite. Nwa klova kpụrụ ahụ n'ọdịdị.
Ngwa Okwu nke Catalysts
Ejiri ya maka BYD iji mepụta BDO site na hydrogenation nke na-akpata, etinyere na otu 100000 ton BDO. Igwe ihe nrụpụta akwa abụọ na-arụ ọrụ n'otu oge, otu bụ JHG-20308, nke ọzọ na-ebubata ngwa ngwa.
Nyocha: N'oge nyocha nke ezigbo ntụ ntụ, achọpụtara na JHG-20308 na-eme ka ihe ndina na-edozi ihe na-emepụta obere ntụ ntụ dị mma karịa ihe na-emepụta ihe na-ebubata.
Nkwalite: Mmechi mmechi nke na-eme ka ọ rụọ ọrụ: Ọnọdụ mmalite nke ihe abụọ ahụ bụ otu. Site na data ahụ, ọnụego nkwekọrịta, ọdịiche dị n'ọnụ mmiri na mpụta, yana ntọhapụ okpomọkụ nke mgbake nke alloy na ọkwa ọ bụla nke ịgbalite na-agbanwe agbanwe.
Okpomọkụ: Okpomọkụ mmeghachi omume nke JHG-20308 catalyst abụghị nke ukwuu dị iche na nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-ebubata, mana dịka ihe nleba anya okpomọkụ si dị, JHG-20308 catalyst nwere ọrụ dị mma karịa ihe na-ebubata.
Ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha: Site na nchọpụta data nke ngwọta BDO crude na mmalite nke mmeghachi omume ahụ, JHG-20308 nwere ntakịrị ihe adịghị ọcha na ngwaahịa emechara ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe ndị na-ebubata, na-egosipụtakarị na ọdịnaya nke n-butanol na HBA.
N'ozuzu, arụmọrụ nke JHG-20308 catalyst kwụsiri ike, na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla pụtara ìhè dị elu site na ngwaahịa, na arụmọrụ ya bụ otu ihe ahụ ma ọ bụ ọbụna dị mma karịa nke ndị na-ebubata.
Mmepụta usoro nke ofu bed nickel aluminum catalyst
(1) Agbaze: Nickel aluminum alloy na-agbaze na nnukwu okpomọkụ wee tụba ya n'ụdị.
(2) Na-etipịa: A na-egwepịa ihe mgbochi alloy ahụ n'ime obere irighiri ihe site na ngwa ngwepịa.
(3) Nyocha: Nyochaa ihe irighiri ihe nwere nha nha anya ruru eru.
(4) Nkwalite: Jikwaa ụfọdụ ntinye na ọnụego mmiri mmiri alkali iji mee ka ihe ndị dị na ụlọ elu mmeghachi omume rụọ ọrụ.
(5) Ngosipụta nyocha: ọdịnaya igwe, nkesa nha nha nha, ike na-etipịa ike, njupụta buru ibu, wdg.
Oge nzipu: Sep-11-2023
